Chaw rau tsheb yog chav kaw nrog kev tsim tshwj xeeb hauv chaw nres tsheb, kho vaj tse, thiab ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm tsheb thiab maus taus. Muaj ntau txoj kev xaiv sib txawv rau npog hauv pem teb hauv chav nres tsheb - ntau yam tshiab ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev tso cai rau koj xaiv qhov tsim nyog uas tsim nyog, nyob ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm thaj chaw, thaj tsam ntawm chav, tus naj npawb ntawm cov tsheb tso rau hauv, thiab tus tsim ntawm qhov chaw.
Nta ntawm hauv pem teb hauv chav nres tsheb
Ntxiv qhov yuav tsum tau ua nyob ntawm chav nres tsheb hauv tsev:
- lub zog - nws yuav tsum tsis deform nyob rau hauv qhov hnyav ntawm txawm tias lub tsheb loj tshaj plaws, tiv taus lub caij nplooj zeeg ntawm cov khoom hnyav, cov cuab yeej, tsis txhob cuam tshuam thaum raug cov roj av thiab lwm cov sib txuas zoo sib xws;
- kev ua tau ntev - cov plag tsev yuav tsum tsis txhob "so" los ntawm thiab hla lub sijhawm ua haujlwm;
- kev ua ntev ntev - cov khoom siv yog xaiv thiaj li tsis tas yuav hloov txhua ob lossis plaub xyoos;
- tswj kev tiv thaiv - kev sib tsoo tsis zoo, yog tias lawv tshwm sim, yuav tsum tau kho kom yooj yim yam tsis muaj nyiaj ntau, sijhawm siv sijhawm, kev puas tsuaj loj rau qhov tsos.
Cov hom tseem ceeb ntawm txheej txheej - lawv qhov zoo, qhov tsis zoo
Ntau cov khoom siv hauv tsev yog siv los npog hauv pem teb hauv chav nres tsheb, ob leeg ib txwm ua thiab niaj hnub. Qee lub sijhawm tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv li. Hauv pem teb yog ua:
- earthen;
- pob zeb ua kev, suav nrog pleev xim rau;
- ntoo;
- bulk;
- los ntawm tej hub vuas;
- los ntawm polymeric cov ntaub ntawv;
- los ntawm txoj kev vuas vov vuas;
- los ntawm marble;
- los ntawm PVC modules;
- los ntawm roj hmab vuas.
Pob zeb hauv av
Pob zeb ua kev yog ib txhis, nyiaj-phooj ywg txheej. Nws yog lub ruaj khov thiab tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov hnyav ntawm txawm tias hnyav tsheb. Ntawm cov pob zeb saum npoo av, vim los ntawm cov khoom siv khov ua pob khaus, cov kab nrib pleb tuaj yeem tsim, thiab thaum cov cuab yeej hlau hnyav poob, gouges. Feem ntau lawv tsis tsim teeb meem ntau rau cov neeg tsav tsheb.
Kev tsim muaj plua plav tawm ntawm lub tsheb nws tus kheej, tag nrho cov kab rov tav yog qhov tsis zoo ntawm no. Txhua yam kuab lom hauv lub cev tam sim ntawd nqus mus rau hauv cov pob zeb, ua rau qhov chaw tsis zoo nkauj, feem ntau ua rau muaj qhov tsis hnov tsw uas tsis yooj yim tshem tawm.
Pleev xim rau pob zeb hauv pem teb
Kev ua vaj tse muaj ntau yam tsis zoo, uas yog daws los ntawm txheej nrog kev foob thiab pleev xim tshwj xeeb. Xws li lub hauv paus zoo nkaus li zoo, nws yog qhov pheej yig, cov xim yooj yim thov koj tus kheej tes, siv cov tshuaj tsuag phom, txhuam dav, thiab cov yas.
Thaum qhov chaw nres tsheb yog npaj rau ob lossis ntau lub tsheb, txhua qhov chaw nres tsheb yog cais cov kab ncaj, pleev xim rau lwm qhov xim.
Ntoo ntoo pem teb
Hauv pem teb yog ntuj ntoo - feem ntau yog ib puag ncig, tsis txhob muaj plua plav, tsis tawm cov teeb meem tshuaj. Npog cov plag tsev nrog planks yog qhov pheej yig heev, yog tias koj tsis siv hom tsiaj tshwj xeeb.
Cov khoom zoo yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws:
- ntoo qhib;
- larch;
- tshauv;
- yuv;
- maple.
Yog li hais tias hauv pem teb tsis deform, nws yog tsim los ntawm cov laug cam ntau tshaj plaws uas tsis muaj ntog tawm pob caus, kab nrib pleb, curliness. Cov khoom siv yog coj nrog ib tug me me paj - txog li 10-15%. Lub ntsiab tsis zoo ntawm cov plag tsev no yog qhov tsis yooj yim. Cov laug cam yuav raug hloov nrog cov tshiab hauv plaub mus rau rau xyoo. Txhawm rau txhim kho lawv lub neej kev pab cuam los ntawm ob peb xyoos, tshuaj tua kab, tshuaj tua kab mob, hluav taws kub impregnations, kua roj vanish, pleev xim yog siv.
Kev ua ntoo nrog ib qho muaj pes tsawg leeg yog nqa tawm ua ntej tso, txheej yuav thov hauv ob lossis peb txheej.
Kev ntsuas tus kheej theem
Cov theem nws tus kheej-theem yog pob zeb ua, "ennobled" los ntawm cov niaj hnub sau. Cov khoom sib xyaw no feem ntau yog ua ob-thooj - los ntawm cov khoom tawv thiab cov tawv ntoo polymer. Lub hauv paus yog tsim nrog tuab ntawm tsawg kawg 6-10 hli, nws hloov tawm mus rau tus kheej heev txawm, hnav-tiv taus. Nws tsis yog ntshai ntawm cov kev tshaj te nyhav thiab tawg ntawm cov khoom hnyav.
Kev ntsuas tus kheej lossis polyester pem teb tsis yog tsuas yog cov kev coj ua, tab sis kuj zoo nkauj zoo nkauj, vim nws tsis muaj nqaws. Nws yog tsim muaj matte lossis glossy, pleev xim rau hauv ntau yam xim. Ntxiv rau kev xaiv monochromatic, txheej txheej nrog cov qauv yooj yim lossis zoo nkauj, cov duab 3D yog nrov. Qhov kev xaiv tom kawg yog qhov kim tshaj plaws.
Pem teb nrog cov vuas luaj ceramic
Nws raug tso cai los kho lub chaw rau tsheb nrog cov vuas luaj ceramic. Nws yog xaiv raws li qhov muaj zog, ua kom zoo, thiab muab tso rau ntawm lub pob zeb ua puag. Lub pobzeb twg haum:
- plooj (venice) stoneware - ua los ntawm av nplaum nrog granite lossis marble chips, ib qho me me ntawm lwm qhov ntxiv. Hais txog lub zog, te tiv taus, tiv taus tshuaj, cov khoom yog xyaum tsis qis dua ntuj pob zeb;
- clinker vuas yog cov khoom siv ceramic uas raug rho tawm haujlwm hauv qhov kub siab tshaj plaws. Cov khoom siv yog kev poob siab-resistant, te-resistant, tsis tawg;
- cov vuas pua pem teb rau siv sab nraum zoov - haum rau tso hauv chav nres tsheb, lawv khov-tiv taus, ruaj.
Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob raug mob thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg tsis zoo, nws raug nquahu kom yuav cov vuas nrog cov hauv qab los tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm - ua tiav textured.
Earthen pem teb
Qhov kev xaiv pheej yig tshaj plaws rau chav nres tsheb hauv tsev yog ua nws los ntawm av. Hom qauv no yog siv thaum tsis muaj sijhawm los ntawm txhua lub sijhawm lossis sijhawm rau nws kom sib txawv. Nws tsis yog yuav tsum tau npog xws li hauv pem teb nrog txhua yam, tab sis nws yuav tsum ua kom tshem tawm txhua qhov kev tsim kho pov tseg, tshem tawm cov txheej txheej (qhov no yog 15-50 cm) kom cov kab tsis ntau, thiab qhov tsis hnov tsw ntawm rotting organic teeb meem tsis tshwm sim. "Huv" av yog ua kom zoo zoo, ntxiv gravel, pob zeb crushed, av nplaum txheej los ntawm txheej.
Xws li hauv pem teb tau tsim tawm sai, siv dawb, tab sis ntau plua plav tawm ntawm nws. Qhov saum npoo nws tus kheej txias heev, yuav luag txhua lub sijhawm ntawm lub xyoo, cov av yuav tsum tau muab nchuav kom huv, thiab thaum muaj huab cua los yuav muaj av thiab xaum ntawm no.
Polymer pem teb
Cov ntaub pua plag hauv pem teb nrog polymers zoo nkauj ua kom zoo nkauj, tsis nthuav tawm ntau plua plav, muaj khaub ncaws tsis zoo, muaj npoo av, nrog kev siv ceev faj siv nws tuaj yeem ntev dua 40-50 xyoo.
Nws lwm yam zoo:
- me me tuab;
- kev co kev co;
- zoo cua sov rwb thaiv tsev;
- zoo kawg nkaus cov khoom tsis muaj dej;
- tsis kam rau tshuaj;
- kev saib xyuas yooj yim (ntxuav nrog dej);
- tsis kam mus rau te, kev hloov pauv sai hauv huab cua sov thiab av noo;
- hluav taws kev nyab xeeb.
Tsuas muaj ob txoj kev cuam tshuam ntawm no: nws yuav tsis muaj peev xwm ua kom cov lo lo ntawd pheej yig, thiab thiaj li yuav kho tau nws, koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo xaiv qhov ntxoov ntxoo tsim nyog.
Qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm polymer pem teb yog:
- polyurethane;
- "Kua iav" lossis epoxy;
- methyl methacrylate;
- acrylic xis mas.
Raws li paving slabs
Paving pob zeb ntawm ntau qhov ntau thiab cov duab zoo saib ob qho tib si hauv chav nres tsheb thiab hauv thaj chaw ib puag ncig. Nws tsis zoo tag nrho, yog li txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev raug mob yog tsawg heev. Xws li cov nplaim dej tau plhws nrog tus khaub rhuab, ntxuav nrog dej. Nws tsis muaj peev xwm ua rau cov roj av nchuav, lwm yam roj av thiab roj nplua nyeem. Lub thickness ntawm cov vuas luaj li yim cm, tus nqi yog pheej yig, qhov ntau thiab tsawg thiab xim yog xyaum muaj. Txhawm rau tso cov khoom tsis tas yuav muaj kev paub tshwj xeeb lossis kev txawj ntse. Yog tias cov polymers nyob hauv cov khoom siv, cov xim yuav ua rau tiv taus ya raws.
Txheeb xyuas qhov zoo ntawm cov vuas, siv ob lub ntsiab lus, txhuam lawv maj mam tiv thaiv ib leeg. Yog tias cov seem raug khawb thaum tib lub sijhawm, cov hmoov av hmoov av yog tsim, nws zoo dua tsis txhob siv cov khoom siv zoo li no, tab sis saib kom zoo dua qub.
Roj hmab hauv av npog
Cov khoom siv yog ua los ntawm cov roj hmab hauv cov roj av sib xyaw nrog cov nplaum, hloov cov pa, cov xim da dej. Cov khoom tsis deform nyob rau hauv qhov hnyav ntawm lub tsheb, nws tawm tawm ruaj, zoo rau lub tsev nres tsheb.
Cov txiaj ntsig:
- cuam tshuam;
- elasticity, firmness;
- lub txheej tsis zwm rau kev ua hws, thaum nws "ua pa";
- hluav taws kev nyab xeeb;
- ib puag ncig kev phooj ywg;
- siab lub suab rwb thaiv tsev zog;
- zoo heev rwb thaiv tsev thermal.
Qhov tsis zoo suav nrog qhov teeb meem loj ntawm kev teeb tsa ua haujlwm, rau qhov nws yog qhov zoo dua rau ntiav tus kws tshwj xeeb.
Roj hmab txheej yog tsim hauv cov ntawv:
- cov vuas modular - cov xim ntau cov qauv tau nteg los ntawm nws, txij li cov xim ntau, cov qauv duab muaj ntau yam. Nws tsis yog qhov nyuaj los kho qhov av zoo li no, tab sis cov khoom yuav nrog tus yuav luag txog 10%;
- khaub hlab - khoom tawv lossis khoom siv ntawm tes. Cov khoom lag luam yooj yim los ntxuav hauv qab cov dej ntws, nws raug tso cai kom nteg lawv nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej nkag;
- rolls - tsim nrog qaum qhov cuab lub zog nrog tuab ntawm 3-10 hli los yog ntau dua. Cov khoom siv tau ruaj khov, muaj ntau yam xim, tab sis nws yooj yim hnav tawm thaum muaj cov yam ntxwv tsis zoo, muaj qhov chaw tsis zoo rau qhov chaw. Kev kho dua yog kim thiab siv zog ua haujlwm;
- kua roj ua kua - muag ua qhuav lossis npaj txhij sib xyaw. Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ua tiav, nws yog ib qho tsis muaj kev sib txuam, kiag li txheej xim. Ua rau lub sijhawm ntev heev, tab sis tsis ruaj khov rau kev poob siab.
Modular PVC plag tsev
Polyvinyl chloride yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv niaj hnub no muag hauv cov qauv ntawm cov qauv ntawm ntau qhov ntau thiab tsawg thiab xim. Differs nyob rau hauv lub zog, tshuaj lom neeg tsis kam, te tiv taus. PVC - txheej tsis nrawm, txawm tias muaj dej nchuav rau ntawm nws (piv txwv li, thaum ntxuav tsheb), lwm yam kua. Polyvinyl chloride txig nqus kev vibration, tiv taus lub cev puas, ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab ntxiv.
Cov paib PVC yog qhov yooj yim rau kev txhim kho, txij li txhua qhov chaw tau nruab nrog khawm nrawm-xauv, sib sau tsis muaj kua nplaum, zoo li tus tsim kho. Yog tias tsim nyog, hauv pem teb tuaj yeem yooj yim rhuav tshem, disassembled rau hauv cov khoom sib dhos kom sib sau ua ke rau lwm qhov chaw.
Yuav ua li cas npaj koj cov plag tsev rau kev ua tiav
Kev npaj rau kev ua tiav, uas yog, npog nrog xim, ntoo, ceramic vuas, polymers, thiab lwm yam yog qhov theem tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv kev tsim khoom hauv tsev. Thaum xam xyuas tag nrho cov qauv, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum xav txog qhov hnyav siab tshaj plaws yuav nyob rau saum npoo. Txij li thaum lub chav nres tsheb feem ntau sawv ntsug ncaj qha rau hauv av, qhov kev txav ntawm lub tom kawg yuav tsum yog qhov tsawg, cov dej hauv av yuav tsum yog los ntawm plaub meters.
Cov theem tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim:
- kev tsim qauv ntawm txhua tus qauv;
- khij qhov tsis tsim nyog pem teb;
- npaj cov qhov saib toj lossis hauv qab daus;
- tamping, leveling hauv av;
- tsim lub ncoo los ntawm cov xuab zeb, xuab zeb, pob zeb ua;
- hydro thiab thermal rwb thaiv tsev;
- qhov cuab lub zog, kev teeb tsa ntawm "beacons";
- screed;
- saum toj kawg nkaus.
DIY chaw rau tsheb pem teb
Hauv pem teb "ntxhib" hauv chav nres tsheb yog nqa ntawm theem pib ntawm kev tsim kho ntawm tus qauv, tab sis tom qab kev tsim kho ntawm phab ntsa. Tiav - ntau tom qab, thaum ob lub ntsa loog thiab saum nthab twb tau dai kom zoo nkauj, muaj lub vov puv. Cov khoom ua kom zoo hauv pem teb "khoom noj qab zib" muaj ntau txheej: puag, pw, tiv thaiv dej, rwb thaiv tsev, thermal screed, interlayer, xov txheej tiav.
Cov kab hauv qab yog qhov tsim nyog kom lub nra ntawm av yog yam sib xws. Nws cov tuab yog rau rau yim cm, cov khoom siv yog xuab zeb, pob zeb, pob zeb crushed. Tus screed tshem tawm qhov "ntxhib" saum npoo, nws cov tuab yog li 40-50 hli, yog tias muaj cov kav dej thiab lwm yam sib txuas lus hauv pem teb, txheej txheej saum lawv yuav tsum tsawg kawg 25 hli. Xuab zeb, pob zeb ua, bitumen, cement mortar, ntau txoj kev xaiv rau kev rwb thaiv tsev thermal, cov khoom siv dej tsis qab yog siv los ua ib qho kev nruab nrab. Lub thickness ntawm no txheej yog 10-60 hli. Tom ntej, npaj mus rau kev ua kom tiav nrog cov khoom raug xaiv.
Tso txheej txheem, pob zeb pem teb pouring tshuab
Ua ntej, lub hauv paus rau screed yog npaj, uas yog txheej txheej ua tib zoo, ntau tshaj li 15-20 cm tuab, ua los ntawm pob zeb lossis xuab zeb. Tom qab ntawd, cov dej tsis dhau yog ua los ntawm ntom polyethylene, cov khoom vov tsev. Cov npoo ntawm cov ntaub ntawv insulating yuav tsum me ntsis "mus" tiv thaiv phab ntsa. Tom ntej no, txheej txheej ntawm 6-12 cm ntawm rwb thaiv tsev yog muab tso (yog tias nws tau kwv yees tias lub tsev nres tsheb yuav raug rhaub) ua los ntawm kev nthuav tawm polystyrene, lwm cov khoom zoo sib xws. Lub zog ntawm cov pob zeb hauv pem teb yog ua tiav nrog kev pab ntawm ib txoj hlua hlau ua kom muaj zog, uas ua rau lub zog ruaj khov ntawm cov qauv, tiv thaiv nws los ntawm kev tawg.
Cov kauj ruam tom ntej yog los npaj qhov sib xyaw kom haum. Qhov no yuav xav tau ib feem ntawm cov xis mas thiab peb mus rau tsib ntu ntawm cov xuab zeb, qhov nyiaj ntawm nws nyob ntawm nws cov hom. Nws tseem raug tso cai rau siv cov khoom lag luam npaj hauv tsev uas muaj cov khoom siv fiber ntau thiab cov hnab yas. Txhawm rau tus kheej ntawm kev daws, nws raug nquahu kom siv cov cav tov sib xyaw tshwj xeeb.
Txoj kab uas pub rau screed nqes yog tsis pub ntau tshaj ob feem pua (txog li 2 cm ib meter ntawm qhov ntev), thaum kis qis tshaj yog nyob ntawm lub qhov dej ntws los yog lub rooj vag. Cov nyiaj them ntxiv yog ua raws phab ntsa, tus ncej thiab lwm qhov chaw tiv thaiv, qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv chav chaw nres tsheb (ntau tshaj 40-60 sq. M.). Cov khoob yog tsim thaum lub sij hawm screed, siv nthuav cov kab xev lossis profile.
Ua ntej pib hliv, cim tau ua siv cov ntawv xov hlau uas tau tsav mus rau hauv av. Lawv kos npe qhov siab ntawm qhov thov screed, siv qib qib hauv lub tsev. Cov npaj tau ua kua-dej tau muab nchuav mus rau lub hauv paus, muab faib ib qho zuj zus ntawm nws thaj chaw.
Kev ua haujlwm yog ua tiav sai heev kom txog thaum muaj pes tsawg leeg khov - nyob rau ib lub sijhawm. Qhov nruab nrab txheej nruab nrab yog 35-75 hli, nrog underfloor cua sov - me ntsis ntxiv. Ua kom tiav qhov tawv tawv tshwm sim hauv tsib mus rau xya hnub, kom tsis txhob tawg, screed yog moistened txhua 9-11 teev. Yog hais tias cov cuab yeej siv tus kheej-ntsuas tau siv, nws lub sijhawm kho yog feem ntau hauv 20-30 teev.
Cov pob zeb hauv pem teb yog feem ntau sanded, tab sis tsis nyuaj - qhov saum npoo yog tso me ntsis ntxhib, rau kev tuav tau zoo nrog lub log ntawm lub tsheb.
Tso cov ntoo ntoo nrog rwb thaiv tsev
Yog tias nws tau txiav txim siab los ua lub chaw nres tsheb ntoo ntawm ntoo, lub hauv paus tau npaj ua ntej - khib nyiab sau, screed, lub ncoo ntawm cov xuab zeb thiab pob zeb, siv cov kev daws teeb meem ntawm tus kheej, rwb thaiv tsev nrog ecowool. Thaum nws yuav tsum txhim kho lub hauv paus ua los ntawm cov pob zeb, pob zeb, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau coj mus rau qhov tseeb qhov twg lub tshuab yuav sawv ntsug - qhov kev ncua deb ntawm tus kheej cov posts tsis ntau tshaj ib 'meter'. Kev txhawb nqa tsis tau muab tso rau ntawm cov pob zeb ua ke, tab sis cov cav txiav txim siab tam sim ntawd.
Thaum txhim kho ntoo pem teb, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom ua raws li txoj cai hauv qab no:
- txhua lub cav ntoo, ua ntej tso, yog kho nrog cov khoom siv tiv thaiv uas tiv thaiv pwm, lwj, hluav taws, thiab lwm yam.;
- cov cav yuav tsum tau nruab nruj nruj txoj kab, txiav mus rau txoj kev ntawm lub tsheb nkag mus hauv chaw nres tsheb;
- nthuav cov khoob yog sab laug ntawm cov ntoo flooring thiab phab ntsa. Lawv qhov dav dav yog ib thiab ib nrab rau ob cm, kom lub lumber tsis txawv txav nrog kev hloov pauv sai ntawm huab cua noo;
- qhov sib txawv ntawm peb mus rau plaub cm yog tsim nruab nrab ntawm phab ntsa thiab lags;
- cov pua pua hauv av tau tsau nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia ntawm lub tsheb mus hauv qhov chaw nres tsheb;
- lub rooj zaum muab nteg yuav tsum muaj cov ntsiab lus noo noo ntawm tsis pub ntau tshaj 10-12%;
- thaj chaw hauv qab lawj nto yuav tsum tau cua zoo.
Yuav ua li cas yog installation ua tiav:
- thawj kauj ruam yog kev kho cov cav thiab cov laug cam nrog cov khoom siv tiv thaiv lawv, lawv txoj kev ziab kom huv nyob rau hauv qhov qhib cua, tiv tshav ntuj kub;
- tom qab ntawd cov khoom vov tsev yog txiav mus rau hauv cov nqaim nqaim, txuas nrawm mus rau qhov xaus ntawm cov laug cam, lag luam, qhov chaw ncaj qha nrog cov pob zeb ua ke;
- lub cav tau muab tso nrog ib qho ntug ntawm cov xuab zeb puag, lawv tau pw ntawm kev txhawb nqa los ntawm ib txoj kab, uas nyob raws phab ntsa, tsau nrog daim kab xev galvanized;
- khoob qhov chaw yog them nrog xuab zeb, tamped, kom zoo zoo leveled;
- cov khoom ntoo pua tau nteg hla kev lag luam thiab ntsia ntsia hlau - qhov no yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm cov npoo ntawm kev soj ntsuam lub qhov rau phab ntsa ntawm lub tsev nres tsheb
- yog tias tsim nyog, txhua tus ntoo ua raug foob - nws raug nquahu kom ua txoj haujlwm no hauv lub tshuab ntsuas pa, hnab looj tes;
- cov paj ntoo tshiab nteg yog cov varnished lossis pleev xim rau cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv cov ntoo ntawm kev cuam tshuam sab nraud.
Cov xim tha xim lossis varnished hauv pem teb yuav tsum tsis txhob nplua heev.
Xaiv, teeb cov vuas luaj ceramic nrog koj tus kheej tes
Ua ntej pib ua haujlwm, npaj rau hauv av, thiab tom qab ntawd tsim cov pobzeb feem ntau txhim kho, grout cov pob qij txha tsim, tso txheej txheej tiv thaiv. Txoj kev tso txheej txheem yog nqa tawm hauv qhov tsis hla cov sau, tsis tas siv txhua lub tshuab ua cua sov, ntawm qhov kub ntawm + 12 ... + 23 qib. Nws tsis tsim nyog khaws cia ntawm cov khoom siv - pobzeb zoo tib yam, uas xav zoo hauv chav ua noj, hauv chav dej, yuav tawg sai sai hauv qab lub log ntawm lub tsheb, thiab nrog cov huab cua txias tuaj yeem cuam tshuam tev tawm ntawm cov pob zeb.
Cov ntaub ntawv hauv qab no thiab cov cuab yeej xav tau:
- te-resistant pobzeb nplaum;
- sib sib zog nqus qhov pib primer;
- notched trowel;
- roj hmab spatula;
- theem tsev;
- tej hub vuas - lawv coj nrog cov npoo txog 10-12%;
- cov hla tshwj xeeb uas ua los ntawm cov yas txhawm rau tsim txawm tias nqaws;
- acrylic foob lossis grout.
Lub hauv paus rau kev tso cov nplais cov ntaub ntawv yog qhov yooj yim dua, tsis muaj pob, hollows thiab tawg. Ua kom haum ntawm kev cuam tshuam loj yog ua los ntawm cov cement slurry, ua ntej nws raws txoj kab puag ncig ntawm cov kua nplaum them cov kab xev tom qab - mus raws li.
Tso cov vuas tsim ua tom qab kev nkag mus tob tob primer thov - nws tau thov hauv ob lossis peb txheej. Thaum cov av qhuav, thawj kab ntawm cov vuas tau tso. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua tiav thoob plaws hauv chav nres tsheb, raws nws lossis kos duab. Cov kua nplaum tau thov nrog daim ntawv txiav rau ntawm qhov chaw me me ntawm hauv pem teb, tom qab ntawd rau saum npoo ntawm cov pobzeb, txhua ntu yog nteg, maj mam nias, tsis tu ncua kuaj qib (nws pom zoo siv laser lossis tsuas rub cov xov hla hauv av). Yuav kom ua tau lub zog siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov txheej, txhua kab tshiab yog nteg nrog txoj kev txhawb kom qhov nruab nrab ntawm cov nplais poob ntawm qhov sib koom ua ke ntawm kab yav dhau los. Tiv tauj nrog cov nplaum muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm "sab xub ntiag" ntawm qhov chaw yog qhov tsis tuaj yeem, tab sis yog tias qhov no tshwm sim, saum npoo kom huv huv nrog daim phuam so ua ntej cov tshuaj dries.
Qhov kawg theem yog grouting. Rau qhov no, polymer grouting tebchaw raug siv uas tiv taus cov av noo thiab tshuaj lom neeg. Ua ntej pib grouting, kua nplaum yuav tsum tau qhuav rau peb hnub. Qhov sib tov sib xyaw ua ke yog diluted, thov nrog ib daim roj hmab spatula rau cov pob qij txha. Cov khoom ua kom tawv tawv rau thaj tsam li 40 feeb - nyob rau lub sijhawm no, tag nrho cov grout ntau yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm. Nws yuav siv li 48 teev los kho. Nws tsis yog yuav tsum tau thov ib txheej tiv thaiv, tab sis nws yuav khaws cov nplais kom ruaj khov yog tias ib qho khoom hnyav poob rau nws.
Xaus
Ntau lub tsheb, maus taus, thiab lwm yam khoom siv zoo sib xws “siv sijhawm tsaus ntuj” thiab lub caij ntuj no hauv chav nres tsheb, vim tias hauv pem teb hauv nws tau ua kom ruaj khov, tshwj xeeb yog lub tsheb loj. Tsim kom tiav qhov tsim nyog nrog koj tus kheej txhais tes yog nyob hauv lub zog ntawm txhua tus neeg uas muaj cov cuab yeej tsim nyog, cov ntaub ntawv zoo. Rau qhov tsim ntawm qhov chaw loj, ntau theem kev rau sab, cov kws tshaj lij uas muaj kev paub txaus yog feem ntau raug caw tuaj koom.
