Tus ntaiv yog tus yam ntxwv kev ua haujlwm uas muab cov qauv sib txuas. Cov qauv muaj cov kab rov tav ua haujlwm thiab txoj kev mus kev, qhov uas cov lej yuav tsum tsis pub dhau kaum yim. Ntseej, txawm hais tias lawv yog cov qauv theem nrab, ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb. Nws yog txoj kev tsheb nqaj hlau rau cov ntaiv uas muab qhov kev txav txav nyab xeeb, muab qhov taw tes rau kev txhawb nqa ntawm txhais tes.
Tsim nta
Muaj ntau ntau kev faib tawm ntawm cov ntaiv. Los ntawm lub hom phiaj, cov qauv hauv qab no tuaj yeem ua qhov txawv: theem pib, kev pabcuam (ntxiv khoom, kev pabcuam). Los ntawm qhov chaw: sab nraum zoov, sab hauv tsev, hauv tsev. Los ntawm cov duab: ncaj, tig, nkhaus, ua ke. Lawv kuj txawv nyob rau hauv cov khoom ntawm kev tsim khoom, cov ntsiab cov kabmob sib xyaw, muaj cov riser, cov qauv ntawm kev tsim kho, thiab lwm yam ntxwv.
Tsis hais txog ntawm cov teeb tsa ntawm lub ntaiv, yog tias nws muaj 3 lossis ntau theem, tom qab ntawd nws yuav tsum tau nruab nrog cov khoom tiv thaiv. Muaj ob lub ntsiab ntawm laj kab: qauv, hom phiaj tshwj xeeb. Thawj zaug suav nrog cov qauv kev teeb tsa hauv cov tsev. Qhov thib ob suav nrog kev txhawb nqa rau cov menyuam yaus, thiab rau cov pej xeem xiam oob khab. Lub ntsiab tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsheb nqaj hlau:
- tiv thaiv tus neeg los ntawm poob sab nraum lub laj kab;
- kom ntseeg tau qhov kev txav chaw zoo ntawm lub davhlau ntawm ntaiv;
- kho kom zoo nkauj tha xim sab hauv lossis chaw ua haujlwm ntawm lub tsev.
Kev nqaj hlau - muaj laj kab qis me me txhim kho raws ntug ntawm tus ntaiv ntaiv, lawj, chaw txawb av, choj. Nws muaj cov khoom hauv qab no:
- Tus tes tuav yog lub txheej txheem kab rov tav sab saud ntawm lub laj kab tas mus rau ib lub phab ntsa lossis cov paj vov, ntawm ib qho uas tau so ntawm tes. Nws yuav tsum muaj cov npoo du uas tsis muaj burrs lossis ntse fab. Hauv cov duab, muaj puag ncig, oval, duab plaub fab kev xaiv.
- Cov pob yog cov ntawv txhawb nqa ntsug. Lawv tau ruaj khov txuas ntawm tus ntaiv thiab ua haujlwm txhawb rau cov tes tuav.
- Rauv - hais tsau ntawm cov kev pab txhawb nqa posts. Lawv ua tsis tau tsuas yog ua kom zoo nkauj xwb, tab sis kuj yog ib qho tiv thaiv.
Nyeg, nyob ntawm qhov version, nws muaj cov kab hauv qab no:
- classic - sawv cev los ntawm ncaj los yog curly racks, tsau kab rov tav lossis obliquely;
- kev ua yeeb yam - qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm cov kev txhawb nqa tau sau nrog cov khoom dai kom zoo nkauj;
- crossbar - kab rov tav kab txuas nrog rau cov ntawv qhia ntsug;
- khoom - qhov chaw ntawm cov kauj ruam thiab cov tes tuav tau kaw nrog cov phiajcim.
Txhawm rau tsim stylish, thawj kauv thiab lwm cov ntaiv, ntau hom laj kab tuaj yeem ua ke.
Cov lus qhia ntawm cov tes tuav thiab laj kab
Txoj kev tsim qauv ntawm tus ntaiv tau ua nyob rau theem ntawm kev tsim ib qhov haujlwm dav dav. Hauv ntau cov vaj tsev, qhov no yog qhov sib txuas tseem ceeb ntawm chav, uas tsis tsuas yog ua kom muaj kev txav, tab sis kuj yuav tsum muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab xis nyob. Raws li SNiP 2.08.01-89, kab lus 1.17 thiab SNiP 2.08.02-89, clause 1.91, staircases yuav tsum muaj laj kab nrog cov tes tuav.
Thaum tsim cov lag luam tuav tes, nws yuav tsum ua raws li cov cai uas twb muaj lawm tsim los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv kev cai:
- GOST 23120-78 "Davhlau ntaiv, platform thiab steel railings".
- SP 118.13330.2012 p. 6.16 thiab SNiP 2.01.07-85 p. 3.11 tus nqi ntawm cov khoom siv thauj khoom ntawm tav toj yuav tsum tau: 0.3 kN / m rau cov tsev nyob, cov tsev kawm preschool, tsev kho mob, tsev kho mob; 0.8 kN / m rau lwm cov tuam tsev thiab thaj chaw tsis muaj kev cai tshwj xeeb; 1.5 kN / m rau sawv ntsug thiab chaw ncaws pob.
- TSWV YIM 30247.0-94 “Cov qauv tsev. Kuaj rau kev tiv thaiv hluav taws ".
- SNiP 2.03.11-85 p. 5; SNiP 3.04.03-85 p. 2.1-2.8, 3 "Kev tiv thaiv lub tsev thiab teeb tsa ntawm kev xeb".
- GOST 25772-83 "Cov kev tsheb ciav hlau ntawm cov ntaiv, pob zeb thiab ru tsev" hauv seem 1.3 muaj qhov yuav tsum tau ua.
- Muab cov kev khiav tawm. Kev pom zoo ntawm SNiP 2.08.02-89 clause 1.96 thiab tom qab ntawv, piv txwv, SP 118.13330.2012 clause 6.9. Cov no yog qhov tsawg kawg nkaus widths.
Rau cov menyuam yaus thiab cov neeg xiam oob qhab, kev tsim kho raug siv rau qhov tshwj xeeb raug yuam. Lawv raug tswj los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hauv qab no: SNiP 2.08.02-89 ntu 1.92, GOST 25772-83 clause 1.3, SNiP 35-01-2001 clause 3.29.
Qhov siab
Qhov ntsuas siab ntawm tus ciav yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws thaum nce nce ntaiv. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov ntsuas no, zoo li ntau lwm tus, yog tsim los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tswj hwm, tshwj xeeb, raws li SNiP 31-01-2003, clause 8.3, qhov siab ntawm lub laj kab rau cov ntaiv hauv qhov chaw ntawm qhov phom sij txaus ntshai yuav tsum yog tsawg kawg 1.2 m.Nws tseem tsim nyog them rau GOST 25772 -83. Raws li cov no thiab lwm cov ntaub ntawv, cov nram qab no yuav tsum muaj qhov txawv:
Txog kev caij nplooj zeeg ntawm ntaiv, m:
- sab hauv - 0.9;
- sab nraud - 1.2;
- hauv cov tsev kho mob preschool - 1.2.
Rau lawj thaiv, m:
- cov tsev tsawg dua 28 m - 1;
- ntau tshaj 28 m - 1.1;
- hauv cov tsev kho mob preschool - 1.2.
Thaum tsim cov tsev ntiav, ib qho yuav tsum tau ua raws li SP 55.13330.2016, qhov twg hauv clause 8.3 qhov siab ntawm lub laj kab tau txiav txim siab - ntau dua 0.9 m.Qhov kev cai yog cov kev tawm tswv yim nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej, tab sis koj yuav tsum tsis txhob saib tsis xyuas lawv, txawm tias muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm sab hauv. Lawv txoj kev saib xyuas yuav cia koj tiv thaiv koj tus kheej, cov txheeb ze, cov phooj ywg los ntawm cov xwm txheej tsis tuaj yeem pom thiab raug mob.
Dav
Tus tes tuav yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm tus tes tuav tsim, uas tau tuav thaum txav mus lossis nce. Nws tuaj yeem yog tus duab plaub, puag ncig, kheej li qe. Thiab yog hais tias qhov siab ntawm cov laj kab, qhov kev ncua deb ntawm cov xov paj tau tswj tau, yog li ntawd qhov dav dav rau qhov no tsis yog tus qauv, qhov tseeb, nws tuaj yeem yog dab tsi. Qhov loj tshaj plaws thaum xaiv qhov ntev me me yog qhov yooj yim rau lub tes. Yog li ntawd, cov duab ntoo khaub lig-loj yuav txawv li 3 - 7 cm.
Txawm li cas los xij, hauv GOST R 51261-99 hauv kab ntawv 5.1.6, cov tog tes nyob hauv cov tsev nyob yuav tsum yog cov duab plaub los yog duab plaub. Hauv thawj kis, lawv txoj kab uas hla tsawg kawg 3 cm rau cov menyuam yaus, tab sis tsis tshaj 5 cm rau cov neeg laus. Hauv ob, tso cai khiav ntawm 2.5 mus rau 3 cm raug tso cai.
Kev ncua deb ntawm kev txhawb nqa hauv qab ciav hlau
Xav txog cov qauv txheej txheem saum toj saud, tsuas yog rau qee cov tsev kawm ntawm cov kev ncua deb ntawm cov xov paj tau txiav txim siab. Qee qhov no yog cov koomhaum preschool, qhov twg qhov kev tshem tawm ntawm cov kev txhawb nqa ntsug yuav tsum tsis txhob siab tshaj 0.1 m.For staircases hauv cov tsev pej xeem thiab chaw nyob - 0.12 m.Hauv cov tsev ntiav, tus nqi no yuav yog dab tsi, tab sis cov kws tshaj lij pom zoo kom ua qhov kev ncua deb, tsis yog ntau tshaj 0.5 m nyob rau hauv ntev.
Railing khoom
Stair railings yog tsim los ntawm ntau cov ntaub ntawv raw. Qhov kev xaiv ntawm cov khoom tsim nyog feem ntau yog nyob ntawm seb lub tsev (tsev ntiav, tsev koom lossis pej xeem), qhov chaw ntawm kev teeb tsa (sab nraum zoov, hauv vaj, sab hauv tsev), dav dav hauv sab hauv, sab nrauv, tus kheej nyiam ntawm tus tswv. Cov khoom siv tseem ceeb yog: hlau, ntoo, yas, iav, pob zeb ua. Tseem muaj kev xaiv ua ke. Txhua ntawm cov hom yog tus yam ntxwv nws tus kheej, muaj qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo.
Hlau
Rau kev tsim cov hlau profile kev tsheb nqaj hlau, aluminium, stainless hlau, steel, cam khwb cia hlau, tooj dag yuav siv tau. Thawj ob txoj kev xaiv yog qhov feem ntau, yog li cia peb nyob ntawm lawv hauv kev nthuav dav ntxiv:
- Aluminium qauv. Thaum xaiv cov khoom siv no, koj yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus lej nws cov mos muag. Nyob rau hauv tus ntawm lub nra hnyav, nws tuaj yeem deform thiab tawg, yog li cov laj kab no yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj cov khoom dai ntxiv. Ntawm qhov zoo ntawm txhuas yog:
- lub teeb hnyav;
- yooj yim installation;
- qhov nruab nrab rau ya raws, feem, ua hauj corrosion;
- txaus nyiam tsos;
- ntuj ci;
- tus nqi tsawg.
- Stainless hlau. Qhov no yog cov khoom siv ruaj khov uas tso cai rau koj los ua ib qho chaw uas ntseeg siab thiab xis nyob uas tuaj yeem tiv taus cov khoom hnyav. Ntawm qhov zoo yog:
- kev pab lub neej ntev;
- ya raws tsis kam;
- kev nyab xeeb thiab kev siv ntawm kev siv;
- yooj yim saib xyuas;
- kev zoo nkauj, haum rau ntau cov qauv niaj hnub, piv txwv li, thev naus laus zis, niaj hnub, tsawg kawg;
- kev puag ncig ib puag ncig thiab kev nyiam huv;
- lub peev xwm los ua ke nrog iav, ntoo, yas.
Hauv txoj ntsiab cai, cov ciav hlau steel hlau muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo ib yam li aluminium. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv hnyav, raug nqi ib qho kev txiav txim ntawm qhov ntau dua, thiab dhau sijhawm dhau los ntau cov khawb thiab nti ntawm lawv cov npoo. Aluminium yog devoid of cov drawbacks, tab sis nws poob rau hauv cov lus zoo nkauj.
Tej xyoob ntoo
Ntoo yog cov khoom siv ntuj uas tsis plam nws qhov tseeb. Cov theem ntaiv kev tsim kho, ib feem lossis tiav cov ntoo ntsiab, yuav sau lub tsev kom sov thiab muab kev nplij siab rau nws. Qhov no yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau cov neeg uas xav muab lawv lub tsev naturalness thiab tu txog ib puag ncig kev phooj ywg. Rau kev tsim cov laj kab, ntoo qhib, larch, tshauv, beech, ntoo thuv yog siv.
Txhua tus tsiaj muaj nws tus yam ntxwv. Oak yog cov ntoo ruaj khov. Nws zoo li kim heev, nws lub neej kev pabcuam yog ntau tshaj 10 xyoo. Qhov kev xaiv ntawm qhov no lossis hom ntoo ntawd nyob ntawm nws tus nqi, qhov yuav tsum zoo. Ntawm lub ntsiab zoo ntawm ntuj ntoo yog:
- versatility, ntoo yog sib xws nrog yuav luag txhua cov qauv tha xim sab hauv;
- cov khoom yog sov thiab qab ntxiag rau qhov kov;
- kev ntseeg tau thiab kav ntev;
- kev nyab xeeb ib puag ncig;
- txaus nyiam tsos;
- lub peev xwm los tsim cov duab tsis txawv tshaj plaws, siv cov ntsiab lus carved;
- muaj ntawm cov qauv ntuj;
- cov haujlwm yooj yim installation.
Qhov tsis zoo:
- tus nqi siab, tshwj xeeb yog cov khoom carved;
- txheej txheem ntoo ua rau nws tau lwj, txawm tias siv cov tshuaj tua kab mob tshwj xeeb thiab cov kua roj vanish tso cai rau koj los daws cov teeb meem no ib ntus;
- ntoo tsis zoo yog cov tsis ruaj; yog tias ua zoo saib xyuas, daim tawv nyias thiab cov kab nrib pleb yuav tshwm sim rau ntawm qhov chaw.
Iav
Iav railings saib txawv txawv. Lawv tsis tshua muaj qhov sib piv nrog ntoo thiab hlau laj kab. Thiab txawm hais tias thaum xub thawj siab ib muag cov khoom yuav zoo li tsis txaus ntseeg, lawv tsis yog. Lawv ua los ntawm cov khoom siv tiv taus-uas tuaj yeem tiv taus cov khoom hnyav. Cov qauv zoo li no tuaj yeem ntsia tau txawm tias los ntawm cov tsev neeg nrog cov menyuam yaus tsis muaj kev ntshai rau lawv txoj kev nyab xeeb.
Hauv kev tsim cov laj kab, tempered iav lossis triplex yog siv, uas tuaj yeem ua pob tshab, khov, tinted, tsuas iav, corrugated, nrog luam ntawv, thiab muaj LED rov qab. Qhov zoo ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tau lees tias muaj kev pab cuam lub neej ntev ntawm qhov khoom, ntxiv mus, dhau sijhawm, cov kab nrib pleb lossis daim tawv nyias yuav tsis tshwm ntawm nws qhov chaw. Txawm hais tias qhov tseeb tias cov khoom siv tau ntawm tus kheej, txoj kev tsheb nqaj hlau yog feem ntau ntxiv nrog cov ntoo, hlau, chrome-plated, yas ntsiab.
Cov txiaj ntsig:
- txaus nyiam, txawv txawv;
- kom qhov chaw nce pom;
- durability;
- ua kom tiav kev nruab nrab rau kev noo;
- tsis kam mus rau qhov hloov pauv kub;
- kev xaiv ntau ntawm cov qauv xaiv sib txawv;
- uncomplicated installation.
Qhov tsis zoo:
- tus nqi siab;
- nyuaj saib xyuas, stains nyob rau saum npoo.
Yas
Cov qauv yuav tsum tiv taus cov teeb meem tseem ceeb, yog li ntawd, cov tawv yas siv hauv lawv kev tsim khoom. Cov ntaub ntawv no tso cai rau koj los tsim kev tsheb nqaj hlau ntawm yuav luag txhua hom duab, uas muaj ntau yam xim. Cov khoom tiav tuaj yeem tsim kho ob qho tib si nyob sab hauv thiab sab nraum zoov. Tus nqi ntawm cov laj kab no tsawg, tab sis lawv tsis nrov. Lub ntsiab zoo muaj xws li:
- tsis kam mus rau cov chaw ib puag ncig, alkalis, tshuaj ntxuav;
- ntau hom duab;
- lub teeb hnyav;
- cov khoom tsis muaj qhov tam sim no;
- sov so rau tus kov;
- tsis tas yuav tsum tau tha xim ntxiv, kho nrog impregnations.
Qhov tsis zoo:
- tsis tshua muaj zog, nrog muaj zog cuam tshuam nws tawg, tawg;
- cov khoom lag luam qis qis yog ib puag ncig tsis zoo, tso tawm cov co toxins;
- tsis tshua muaj dej khov tsis kam;
- ntawm qhov kub hauv qab 15 ° nws ua nkig;
- yuav ploj mus raws li lub hnub ncaj qha.
Wrought hlau railing
Forged cov qauv yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom lag luam tshaj plaws rau cov hlau. Lawv muaj peev xwm qhia ntau txog qhov qub tha xim sab hauv ntawm lub teb chaws lub tsev lossis chav tsev. Lawv tuaj yeem ntsia tsis yog nyob rau hauv cov tsev ntiav, tab sis kuj nyob hauv tsev cov pej xeem, piv txwv li, hauv cov khw noj mov, tsev so, cafes. Tus nqi ntawm lub laj kab ncaj qha nyob ntawm qhov hnyav tag nrho ntawm tus qauv, tus naj npawb ntawm cov khoom dai kom zoo nkauj, thiab hom kho kom zoo nkauj.
Lwm qhov tseem ceeb yog hom kev siv lub forging, uas tuaj yeem ua kom kub lossis txias. Thawj txoj kev tsim khoom yog lub zog ntau dua, tab sis nws tso cai rau koj kom tau qhov qub, cov khoom lag luam tshwj xeeb, tus nqi uas yog qhov siab heev. Cov ntsiab lus tau txais hauv txoj kev thib ob yog ua raws li tus qauv, nrog kev pab ntawm cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb, lawv tsis tau tshwj xeeb.
Cov txiaj ntsig:
- kev pab lub neej ntev;
- lub peev xwm los tsim tus qauv tshwj xeeb;
- tsis kam mus rau ntau yam cuam tshuam;
- lub zog thiab kev ntseeg tau;
- ergonomics.
Qhov tsis zoo:
- tus nqi siab, txij li kev siv dag zog yog siv;
- sijhawm ntau lawm;
- cov nyom ntawm cov khoom siv txhim kho;
- nce kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev raug mob vim yog qhov muaj qhov ntse;
- qhov hnyav.
Ua vaj tse thiab pob zeb
Vim tias lawv lub cev nyhav, pob zeb pob zeb thiab pob zeb kev tsheb nqaj hlau yog xyaum siv tsis tau siv sab hauv tsev, lawv tau npaj rau nruab sab nraum zoov. Yog tias peb tham txog ntuj pob zeb, tom qab ntawd cov qauv tsim zoo li tsawg. Thiab txawm hais tias marble los yog granite zoo nkaus li nplua nuj, lawv tus nqi tsuas yog txwv tsis pub. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yuav siv sij hawm ntau heev los ua cov khoom siv, yog li feem ntau siv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib txuas.
Pob zeb ua kom ruaj khov yog yooj yim dua rau kev tsim khoom, lawv tau los ntawm kev nchuav ua pob zeb ua kev sib xyaw. Lawv tsiag ntawv los ntawm kev ua kom ruaj khov, tiv taus siab thiab tsis kub kom zoo, thiab muaj tus nqi qis. Tab sis cov khoom kuj tseem muaj nws qhov tsis zoo: qhov hnyav loj, cov yam ntxwv tsis txaus ntseeg, siab porosity. Tsis tas yuav muaj kev pleev xim ib zaug, cov laj kab pib vau hauv qab ntawm kev noo noo.
Ua ke
Txheej laj kab ua ke yog cov khoom siv los sib xyaw cov khoom sib txawv. Iav, ntoo kab teeb, forged ntsiab, thiab lwm yam ua raws li kev sau rau hauv lawv. Vim tias kev sib xyaw ntawm cov tshuaj sib txawv, cov qauv tsim muaj cov tsos tshwj xeeb, muaj kev sib txuam nrog ib hom, thiab tsim nyog rau kev kho kom zoo nkauj ob qho tib si hauv nruab nrab thiab niaj hnub.
Rau kev tsim cov racks, stainless hlau yog feem ntau siv, uas mus zoo nrog ib qho khoom siv raw. Cov tes tuav ua tau los ntawm cov khoom tawv lossis yas zoo. Plexiglas lossis triplex npog qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm cov kauj ruam thiab tus tes tuav. Tsis tas li, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los siv cov hlau dub zoo tib yam, cov khoom ua kom zoo nkauj ua los ntawm tooj dag, tooj liab lossis tooj.
Yuav ua li cas kev sib tw thiab kev nqaj hlau ua ke nrog cov qauv
Hauv tsev ntiag tug, tus ntaiv ua haujlwm tsis yog tsuas yog khoom sab hauv uas tso cai rau koj tsiv mus nyob nruab nrab ntawm cov plag tsev, tab sis kuj tseem yog cov khoom dai kom zoo nkauj. Cov ntaiv kev nyab xeeb tuaj yeem sawv cev los ntawm cov pob tw, cov tog tes, cov ntawv, nqa tes thiab lwm yam kev teeb tsa tau txhim kho raws phab ntsa. Txhawm rau kom tus qauv sib raug zoo kom haum rau ib puag ncig tag nrho, nws yog qhov tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum xaiv cov hom khoom siv sib txawv thiab cov khoom siv rau lawv kev tsim khoom. Lawv tuaj yeem ua raws cov lus qhia hauv qab no:
- Ntawv Ntshiab. Kev ua luam hlau loj nrog kev tuav ntoo yuav ua. Nws yog qhov ua tau los siv txhua yam khoom siv ntuj thiab lawv cov khoom sib txuas ua ke. Qhov loj tshaj plaws yog qhov uas lawv hais meej txog kev nplua nuj ntawm sab hauv.
- Looj.Cov ntaiv thiab cov nqaj hlau yuav tsum ua raws nraim nrog cov tswvyim ntawm cov qub kev lag luam. Racks thiab handrails feem ntau yog ua los ntawm cov kav hlau los yog ntog, ua kom pom tseeb lub zog ntawm qhov loj. Lawv tau sau nrog xim nyob rau hauv raws li cov style, cov khoom dai kom zoo nkauj tsis siv.
- Niaj hnub. Cov kev ciav hlau yuav tsum ua kom zoo. Tsuas yog cov kab geometric raug tso cai hauv qhov kho kom zoo nkauj. Lawv cov duab yuav yog qhov tseem ceeb dai kom zoo. Forged elements nrog intertwining qauv saib zoo. Cov kab iav iav tuaj yeem ua tiav hauv Niaj hnub nimno Art Nouveau.
- Tshiab thev naus laus zis. Kev tiv thaiv laj kab yog ua los ntawm yas, iav, hlau. Qhov peculiarity ntawm cov style yog cov zaub ntawm txhua cov khoom sib txuas, txhawb cov qauv thiab cov nrawm.
- Pov thawj. Hauv kev nruab nrab nyob ze rau lub neej txhua hnub thiab xwm, kev tsheb nqaj hlau tau ua kom pom thiab zoo nkauj li sai tau. Yog tias ntoo xaiv, nws yog qhov zoo uas yuav tau siv nws hom teeb. Tus patina cuav yuav tsim cov nyhuv tshwj xeeb ntawm cov khoom qub.
Yuav ua li cas tuav tes ua
Stair railings tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm ntau cov ntaub ntawv. Rau cov tsev ob-ob lub tsev, cov tsev ntoo feem ntau siv. Lawv yuav suav nrog cov ntsiab lus hauv qab no - cov tes, pob tw, pob txhawb nqa, cov khoom dai kom zoo nkauj hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov kab ntawv tau pom. Ua nws-koj-tus kheej lag luam tsim khoom lag luam yuav tsum ua raws li cov phiaj xwm ua ntej.
Daws qhov project
Nws yog qhov yooj yim heev los ua daim duab niaj hnub rau hom yooj yim ntawm tus ntaiv. Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, koj yuav tsum tau kos ib qho teeb duab ntxaws. Nws yuav tsum xav txog qhov siab ntawm tus qauv, tus naj npawb, qhov dav, ntev ntawm txhua yam. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev teeb tsa ntawm lub ntsiab raug txiav txim siab. Lawv tuaj yeem yog forged, monolithic, nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm txoj hlua hneev, los ua qhov txuas ntxiv ntawm cov ntoo khaub lig tseem ceeb.
Qhov dav ntawm cov tes tuav yog xaiv ntawm tus kheej raws tus kheej nyiam. Tus ntsuas pom zoo yog 100 hli. Qhov nruab nrab qhov siab ntawm qhov chaw yog 900 hli. Qhov tsis sib txawv ntawm qhov nruab nrab ntawm qhov ntsuas nruab nrab yog qhov ua tau, uas cuam tshuam los ntawm tus qauv ntawm kev ceev nrawm ntawm cov ntsiab.
Xaiv ntoo
Raws li cov qauv kev nyab xeeb hauv lub tsev, cov theem ntaiv rau txhua qhov project yuav tsum ywj lub nra ntawm 100 kg. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum xaiv cov khoom ruaj ruaj rau kev tsim khoom ntawm cov khoom thiab ua kom ruaj khov. Txog kev tsheb nqaj hlau, tawv tawv yog qhov tsim nyog, piv txwv, ntoo qhib, ntoo tshauv, beech. Yog li hais tias kev tsheb nqaj hlau tsis txawv txav tom qab, cov dej noo ntawm cov khoom ua haujlwm yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 18%.
Yog tias koj txiav txim siab siv tsob ntoo mos nyiaj txiag, koj yuav tsum xav txog nws cov khoom hauv theem tsim. Xws li cov khoom siv yuav txiav thiab hnav tawm sai sai. Yog tias txoj kev tsheb nqaj hlau yuav tsim nrog koj tus kheej tes, koj yuav tsum xav ua ntej txog kev muaj peev xwm ua cov khoom lag luam caws. Tsob ntoo yuav tsum yooj yim ua cov txheej txheem.
Ua thiab kho cov pob
Cov pob yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm qhov qauv. Cov khaub ncaws muaj zog zoo ib yam yog tsau rau cov kauj ruam winder ntawm qhov sib luag deb ntawm txhua lwm yam. Lawv tau tsim ntawm lub tshuab dhos lossis los ntawm tes, nrog cov cuab yeej yog thiab kev ua haujlwm ntoo. Ua nrawm nrawm rau cov ntsa thiab ntsa nqaj hlau tuaj yeem ua tiav ntau txoj kev:
- Nyob rau bolts. Ib lub qhov ntawm qhov loj me me yog drilled mus rau hauv cov kauj ruam, ib qho muaj peev txheej sib txuas, thiab daim ntaub khov khawm tau nrawm rau hauv qab.
- On chopiki. Cov ntoo thaiv ntoo tau muab tso rau hauv qhov ua ntej-ua qhov, ua ntej kho nrog ntoo kua nplaum. Yog tias cov ntaiv tau teeb tsa ntawm txoj kev thiab tsis muaj qhov yuav tsum nruj rau nws cov tsos, cov khoom siv tsis xeb hlau tau siv raws li kev txhim kho ntxiv.
- Dhau ntawm qhov bar. Hom mount yog qhov tsim nyog rau cov tiaj tiaj. Lawv raug txuas los ntawm cov bar ncaj qha rau cov kauj ruam. Qhov no yuav ua rau tag nrho tus qauv ua tau zoo heev. Kev txhim kho yog nqa tawm siv tus kheej tapping ntsia hlau thiab lub hau ntswj me me.
Kev tuav tes
Cov ntsiab lus zoo li no tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm pawg tswj hwm khov lossis ob peb qho ncig tuaj yeem koom. Txhawm rau txhim kho qhov nruj ntawm tus qauv, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum ua raws li qee txoj cai thaum lub sijhawm teeb tsa. Ib lub bar nrog ib qho kab uas hla ntawm tsawg kawg 60 hli yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev tsim cov khoom siv tes tawm. Nws yuav tsum raug ua tiav - qhov qis tuaj yeem muaj cov duab, thiab lub sab saud yuav tsum tau npawv.
Dav ci rau cov ntaiv hauv cov style classic yog tsim los ntawm ntau qhov chaw tivthaiv. Koj yuav tsum tau ua qhov nruab nrab bar thiab sab ntug kev. Tom qab ntawd tag nrho cov seem yog glued ua ke thiab nyem nrog clamps. Hloov cov thawv uas tshwm sim los siv siv lub phiaj xwm.
Xaus
Cov ntaiv tau ntev ua lub luag haujlwm ntawm lub chav ua kom zoo nkauj zoo nkauj ntxiv rau lawv cov haujlwm zoo. Nyob sab hauv tsev, lawv cov qauv tsim yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj. Lawv cov qauv yog txuam nrog cov rooj tog zaum, thiab cov qauv xim rau cov xim thoob plaws ntawm qhov kawg ntawm kev ua tiav, coj los ntawm daim duab. Cov kev xaiv ua qauv qhia kev ncaj ncees yuav dhau los ua kev khav theeb rau tus tswv, tsom lawv cov peev xwm tsim qauv.
